It may surprise you to learn that movies like The Deep and Fool’s Gold and TV shows like Black Sails are actually based on real shipwrecks and treasures. For centuries, the lost silver Pieces of Eight and gold Doubloons of the Spanish Empire remained submerged on the ocean floor, sometimes under tons and tons of shifting sand… waiting.
They sat waiting until they were finally brought up from the depths by legendary treasure hunters — salvors whose passion for discovery drove them to search year after punishing year for the lost riches they knew were out there… somewhere. And their names, and the names of the legendary lost galleons they discovered, have become just the latest chapter of treasure lore.
Mel Fisher’s Atocha
The Nuestra Señora de Atocha, sunk off Key West, Florida, in 1622, is the most famous treasure galleon in modern history. Caught in a hurricane after setting sail from Havana, Cuba, she went to the bottom loaded with Pieces of Eight, massive silver bars (weighing in at over 70 pounds each), glittering gold Doubloons, stunning gold “money” chains, and rare, precious artifacts.
And for 16 long years, legendary treasure salvor Mel Fisher and his dedicated crew searched in vain for Atocha. Six years into the search, their salvage vessel Northwind capsized, and Mel’s son Dirk, his daughter-in-law Angel, and crewmate and diver Rick Gage lost their lives.
But throughout it all, Fisher and his team persevered… finding the scattered remains but never the massive bulk of the fabled treasure. Year in and year out, they hunted, until July 20, 1985, “the day” with the discovery of the motherlode… piles of riches beyond imagination. Hailed as the most extensive shipwreck treasure ever to be discovered, the treasure of Atocha remains the stuff of legend to this day.
Interested in learning more? Read our historical brief for more details about the Atocha's sinking and rediscovery.
The 1715 Fleet of Florida’s Treasure Coast
Strolling along the shore near Sebastian Inlet on Florida’s mid-East Coast in the 1950s, local contractor Kip Wagner decided to pick up and take home some of the strange black disk-like “rocks” he was seeing washed up on shore.
A quick “cleaning” revealed that these rocks weren’t rocks at all, but Spanish silver, you guessed it… Pieces of 8. This simple discovery led to the identification and recovery of the treasures of the 1715 Fleet, an entire fleet of treasure galleons lost to a hurricane in July of 1715.
Throughout the intervening decades, the Fleet has been worked by legendary treasure hunters and early salvage operations like Cobb Coin Company. To this day, treasure divers licensed to work the Fleet gather at the beginning of the summer diving season, convinced that they too will claim the riches still to be found on the Fleet.
And, I should make a note about movies yet again… The Deep and Fool’s Gold and the TV show Black Sails are all loosely based upon the search for and recovery of the 1715 Fleet.
But to learn more actual facts about the 1715 Fleet, see our detailed, and pictorial guide to the 1715 Fleet.
Burt Webber and Carl Fismer’s Concepcion
Where? Silver Shoals reef in the Dominican Republic… the graveyard of the treasure-laden Spanish Galleon Concepcion. When? Well, this ship sank in 1641, but when it was recovered… that’s another story!
So, as it turns out, the Spanish weren’t bad treasure salvors themselves. If they knew where a treasure galleon sank, they would employ native free divers to recover what treasure could be found. And, they did — famously the Spanish recovered more treasure from the 1733 Fleet in the few years after the disaster than was on the original manifests –= and in the case of the 1715 Fleet, more than enough to attract pirates like Henry Jennings to the salvage camps on shore. Yes, real pirate Pieces of 8!
But, back to the question of when regarding the treasure of Concepcion. You see, not all treasure hunters are 20th-century types… enter William Phipps in the 1680s. This British treasure hunter located Concepcion on the reef and recovered over 25 tons of silver. And then, the location was lost to time.
Until modern-day treasure hunters, including Jacques Cousteau, took up the hunt. However, years passed with no luck until, in 1978, the magic combination of treasure hunter Burt Webber, famed Spanish treasure researcher Jack Haskins, and historian Peter Earle, who discovered Phipps' vessel’s logbook, led to a treasure discovery for the record books.
Fortune and glory came next, with recovery efforts headed first by Webber, and later by Robert’s treasure diving mentor, Captain Carl “Fizz” Fismer, in 1986. The most famous treasure galleon discovery before Atocha, Concepcion Pieces of 8 are some of the most coveted of all shipwreck treasure coins.
For the full story of Concepcion, take a look at our Historic Brief, all about this fascinating shipwreck.
The Treasure of the Isla de Muerto – Consolacion
Real Pirate Pieces of 8, ye seek? Well, matey, you’ve come to the right place! Remember the one exception, Black Sam Bellamy’s Whydah, to the “tying Pieces of Eight and Doubloons to an actual pirate” conundrum? Well, there may just be two exceptions…
It turns out that, for unknown reasons, the Spanish treasure galleon Santa Maria de la Consolacion began a solitary voyage up the West Coast of South America in 1681. She had been loaded to the gunnels, so to speak, with glittering silver Pieces of 8, which were to be transferred to mule trains in Panama to cross the isthmus (where the Panama Canal is today) and eventually find their way to Cuba to make the voyage to Spain.
But, alone and unprotected, Consolacion would never make it to Panama. Why, you ask? Well, rather than foundering in a storm, Consolacion and her precious treasure ended up on the ocean floor due to, you guessed it… pirates!
These pirates were led by one Bartholomew Sharpe, a British pirate trolling the western seas in search of, well, fortune and glory. (Are you sensing a theme here?) Spying Consolacion, alone, unprotected, and flying the flag of Spain, the chase was on. Now, we should point out here that while galleons were good for hauling treasure, they were rather bad at hauling, well, you know, a… booty if you know what we mean. We will just leave it at slow... very slow compared to most pirate ships of the day.
Pursued, and with less than one good option, Consolacion — probably trying to make it to the safe port of the Spanish settlement at Guayaquil, Ecuador — hit the reef off of Santa Clara Island. With passengers desperately struggling to reach the safety of shore, the crew set the wrecked vessel on fire in an attempt to keep the pirates and treasure forever separated.
And, as it turns out, the plan worked. Remember, silver and gold are heavy… and they sink! Sharpe and his pirate crew tried to recover the coveted riches but failed to pocket a single Piece of 8. Ironically, those famed Spanish salvors were out of luck, too, and it took modern-day treasure salvors to finally bring the lost treasure of Consolacion to light in 1997.
Why is the wreck of the Consolacion often referred to as the Isla de Muerto wreck, you ask? Good question! Legend holds that Sharpe and the other pirates were so enraged that they took revenge on the crew before they could gain the safety of the island. Birthing the real-life nickname of Santa Clara as the Isla de Muerto or “Dead Man’s Island.”
However, it’s more likely that the island gained its name from its shape as it rises from the sea. Remember, early mariners, chief among them the Spanish, would sketch the shape of land masses on the horizon as a navigational aid, and Santa Clara does actually look like a dead man lying on his back under a shroud. It’s no wonder that navigators of the time called it “El Muerto.”
Learn even more about Consolacion — the Isla de Muerto Wreck — with our complete Historic Brief.